Scientists Have Developed a Living “Bio-Solar Cell” That Runs on Photosynthesis

Green Energy Battery

The researchers believe that their technique could pave the way for the creation of sustainable, multi-purpose green energy technologies in the future.

Plants are often thought of as sources of food, oxygen, and decoration, but not as a source of electricity. However, scientists have discovered that by harnessing the natural transport of electrons within plant cells, it is possible to generate electricity as part of a green, biological solar cell. In a recent study published in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, researchers for the first time used a succulent plant to create a living “bio-solar cell” that runs on photosynthesis.

The electrons are naturally transported as part of biological processes in all living cells, from bacteria and fungi to plants and animals. By introducing electrodes, the cells can be utilized to generate electricity that can be used externally. Previous research had created fuel cells using bacteria but it required constant feeding. This new approach uses photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, to generate current.

During this process, light drives a flow of electrons from water that ultimately results in the generation of oxygen and sugar. This means that living photosynthetic cells are constantly producing a flow of electrons that can be pulled away as a “photocurrent” and used to power an external circuit, just like a solar cell.

Living Solar Cell

The ice plant succulent shown here can become a living solar cell and power a circuit using photosynthesis. Credit: Adapted from ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15123

Certain plants — like the succulents found in arid environments — have thick cuticles to keep water and nutrients within their leaves. Yaniv Shlosberg, Gadi Schuster, and Adir wanted to test, for the first time, whether photosynthesis in succulents could create power for living solar cells using their internal water and nutrients as the electrolyte solution of an electrochemical cell.

The researchers created a living solar cell using the succulent Corpuscularia lehmannii, also called the “ice plant.” They inserted an iron anode and platinum cathode into one of the plant’s leaves and found that its voltage was 0.28V. When connected into a circuit, it produced up to 20 µA/cm2 of photocurrent density, when exposed to light and could continue producing current for over a day. Though these numbers are less than that of a traditional alkaline battery, they are representative of just a single leaf.

Previous studies on similar organic devices suggest that connecting multiple leaves in series could increase the voltage. The team specifically designed the living solar cell so that protons within the internal leaf solution could be combined to form hydrogen gas at the cathode, and this hydrogen could be collected and used in other applications. The researchers say that their method could enable the development of future sustainable, multifunctional green energy technologies.

Reference: “Self-Enclosed Bio-Photoelectrochemical Cell in Succulent Plants” by Yaniv Shlosberg, Gadi Schuster and Noam Adir, 23 November 2022, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15123

The authors acknowledge funding from a “Nevet” grant from the Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP) and a Technion VPR Berman Grant for Energy Research and support from the Technion’s Hydrogen Technologies Research Laboratory (HTRL).

4 Comments on "Scientists Have Developed a Living “Bio-Solar Cell” That Runs on Photosynthesis"

  1. I have been thinking about biotechnology for years now and finally it is possible. This is just the beginning! Humans just leveled up! Not by playing God but playing nice with God’s creations! There is no better engineer than he!

  2. Let’s build a solar punk aesthetic and incorporate as much plant life into our built environments as possible.

  3. Getting closer to my long ago fantasy, my roof powers the lights, supplies gas for hot water and stove, and filters my rainwater.Keven.

  4. Wow that is fantastic 😍 I wish I could have the same as you.

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