Detailed Images of NGC 6357 From ESO’s Very Large Telescope

ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) has taken the most detailed image so far of a spectacular part of the stellar nursery called NGC 6357. The view shows many hot young stars, glowing clouds of gas, and weird dust formations sculpted by ultraviolet radiation and stellar winds. Credit: ESO

New images from European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope show detailed images of NGC 6357, which contains a cluster of high-mass stars whose inhabitants are among the brightest in our galaxy.

Deep in the Milky Way in the constellation of Scorpius (The Scorpion) lies NGC 6357, a region of space where new stars are being born in of chaotic clouds of gas and dust. The outer parts of this vast nebula have now been imaged by ESO’s Very Large Telescope, producing the best picture of this region taken so far.

The new picture shows a broad river of dust across the center that absorbs the light from more distant objects. To the right there is a small cluster of brilliant blue-white young stars that have formed from the gas. These are probably only a few million years old, very young by stellar standards. The intense ultraviolet radiation streaming out from these stars is hollowing out a cavity in the surrounding gas and dust and sculpting it in strange ways.

Part of the constellation Scorpius centered on NGC 6357 which has star cluster Pismis 24 in its center. This image is a color composite taken by the Digitized Sky Survey (DSS), the field of view is 3.8×3.3 degrees. Credit: Davide De Martin (ESA/Hubble), the ESA/ESO/NASA Photoshop FITS Liberator & Digitized Sky Survey 2

The whole image is covered with dark trails of cosmic dust, but some of the most fascinating dark features appear at the lower right and on the right hand edge of the picture. Here the radiation from the bright young stars has created curious elephant trunk columns, similar to the famous “pillars of creation” in the Eagle Nebula. Cosmic dust is much finer than the more familiar domestic variety. It more closely resembles smoke and consists mostly of tiny particles of silicates, graphite, and water ice that were produced and expelled into space by earlier generations of stars.

This zoom video sequence starts with a broad view of the Milky Way. We close in on one of the regions of active star formation in the constellation of Scorpius (The Scorpion) and a curious landscape of vast numbers of stars, glowing gas and dust is revealed. The final view shows the most detailed image so far of a spectacular part of this stellar nursery, named NGC 6357. Credit: ESO/Digitized Sky Survey 2/Nick Risinger (skysurvey.org). Music: Disasterpeace (http://disasterpeace.com/)

The bright central part of NGC 6357 contains a cluster of high-mass stars whose inhabitants are among the brightest in our galaxy. This inner region, not seen in this new picture, has been much studied and imaged by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. But this new picture shows that even the less well known outer parts of this nursery contain fascinating structures that can be revealed by the power of the VLT.

This image was produced as part of the ESO Cosmic Gems program.