Researchers develop a low-cost and fast method to detect a COVID-19 infection from a pool of gargle lavage samples.
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is the most widely used diagnostic method to detect RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. However, it requires expensive laboratory equipment and global shortages of reagents for RNA purification has increased the need to find simple but reliable alternatives.
One alternative to the qPCR technology is RT-LAMP (reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification). This test amplifies the desired target sequences of the virus at a constant temperature, using minimal equipment compared to qPCR. In 2020, it was adapted to the detection of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. It was also shown that instead of a swab, which many people find unpleasant, it can be performed on gargle lavage samples.
First author Lukas Bokelmann and colleagues have now developed an improved colorimetric RT-LAMP assay, called Cap-iLAMP (capture and improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification), which extracts and concentrates viral RNA from a pool of gargle lavage samples. After a short incubation, the test result — orange/red for negative, bright yellow for positive — can be interpreted visually or by using a freely available smartphone app.
The improved testing method outperforms previous similar methods. “Cap-iLAMP drastically reduces false positives and single infected samples can be detected in a pool among 25 uninfected samples, thus reducing the technical cost per test to only about 1 Euro per individual,” says senior author Stephan Riesenberg, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. “Our method overcomes problems associated with standard RT-LAMP and could also be applied to numerous other pathogens.”
Reference: “Point-of-care bulk testing for SARS-CoV-2 by combining hybridization capture with improved colorimetric LAMP” by Lukas Bokelmann, Olaf Nickel, Tomislav Maricic, Svante Pääbo, Matthias Meyer, Stephan Borte and Stephan Riesenberg, 5 March 2021, Nature Communications.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21627-0
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