The COVID-19 lockdowns led to more frequent and quality-rich family dinners, enhancing positive interactions among family members.
The use of technology for remote dining with extended family members increased, possibly sustaining these new family dynamics post-pandemic.
Pandemic Impact on Family Meals
During the COVID-19 lockdowns, many families found themselves eating more meals at home. According to research from the American Psychological Association, this shift had an unexpected benefit: it increased the quality of family time during meals.
The study, featured in the journal Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, revealed that families who dined together more frequently during the pandemic also enjoyed more positive interactions. They shared news and information, and many used technology, like videoconferencing, to stay connected with family members who lived far away.
“The predominance of past research on family dinners has focused on frequency as the key predictor of benefits for children and adolescents,” explained lead author Anne Fishel, PhD, a clinician and family therapy researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital. “This study highlights the importance of examining both frequency and quality to understand the full picture of how shared meals can impact families.”
Enhanced Family Interactions
Researchers examined data from a survey of 517 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse parents across the United States, administered in May 2021. Their aim was to investigate changes in family dinner frequency and quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Participants were asked about dinner frequency, quality, and post-pandemic expectations. The survey included questions about positive and negative interactions, family support, and incorporation of the outside world. They were asked questions such as, “During the pandemic, did all or most of the people living in your home eat dinner together less, about the same, or more than compared to before the pandemic?” Participants then provided answers ranging on a scale of 1-5, 1 being “much less” and 5 being “much more.”
Over 60% of respondents reported eating dinner together more often during the pandemic compared with pre-pandemic times. There was also a significant increase in positive interactions (e.g, expressing gratitude, laughing or feeling connected) during family meals.
“Specifically, 56% said they increased talking about their days during dinner, 60% said they increased talking about their identity as a family, 60% said they increased expressing gratitude, 67% said they increased laughing together and 59% said they felt more connected to each other around the dinner table,” said Fishel. This positive association was evident across income levels, education, age, gender, and race.
Role of Technology in Family Dinners
The pandemic introduced new aspects to family dinners, including remote dining with extended family members and more discussions about current events, according to Fishel. Many families turned to videoconferencing to connect with extended family, potentially strengthening a sense of belonging to a larger family unit. Most parents who increased the use of technology for remote dinners during the pandemic reported that they plan to continue this practice as the pandemic subsides.
The researchers also found an increase in families incorporating news and information from the outside world into their dinner conversations, potentially offering a safe space for children to discuss anxieties and questions with their parents.
Lasting Positive Effects on Family Dynamics
Overall, this study suggests that the increased frequency of family dinners during the pandemic may have had lasting positive effects on family dynamics, according to Fishel.
“The pandemic changed many aspects of our lives, some for the better. Even though parents did not purposely sign up to have more shared mealtimes, increases in family dinners were largely linked with improvements in the quality of pandemic-era family dinners,” she said.
The findings also highlight the potential benefits of using technology to connect with extended family and incorporating current events into dinner conversations.
“The continued use of remote technology to connect with those not physically present may bring ongoing opportunities for family bonding and children’s feeling a sense of belonging to a larger unit, which we know is protective for their well-being,” said Fishel.
Reference: “How COVID-19 expanded the family dinner table: Greater frequency linked with improved quality and new ways of eating together” by Anne Fishel, PhD and Melinda I. Morrill, PhD, 31 October 2024, Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice.
DOI: 10.1037/cfp0000268
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