Saudi Arabia, officially known as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country predominantly located on the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East. It is the largest country in the Middle East and is bordered by Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen. Saudi Arabia is known for its vast deserts like the Rub’ al Khali, historic sites such as Mada’in Saleh, and as the birthplace of Islam, hosting the two holiest cities in Islam, Mecca and Medina. The country operates as an absolute monarchy. It has significant global influence through its oil-based economy, possessing the second-largest proven oil reserves and being one of the leading oil producers worldwide. In recent years, Saudi Arabia has been pursuing economic diversification and social reforms under its Vision 2030 program.
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