Browsing: Microglia

Microglia are specialized cells within the brain and spinal cord that function as the primary immune defenders of the central nervous system. These glial cells constantly survey their environment to identify and eliminate pathogens, clear damaged neurons and cellular debris, and support neural development. Microglia can change shape and function in response to various signals and injuries, playing a critical role in inflammation and contributing to the maintenance of neural circuits. Their activity is pivotal in various physiological processes but can also contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, under conditions of chronic inflammation or dysregulation. Understanding microglia is essential for developing therapies targeting brain health and disease.