University of Southampton researchers have confirmed the Zel’dovich effect, where twisted waves are amplified by a rotating object. This finding, previously only demonstrated with sound waves, now applies to electromagnetic waves, with promising implications for quantum physics and energy-efficient technologies.
Physicists at the University of Southampton have successfully tested and confirmed a 50-year-old theory for the first time using electromagnetic waves.
Their experiments demonstrated that the energy of waves can be amplified by bouncing ‘twisted waves’—waves with angular momentum—off a rotating object under specific conditions.
This is known as the ‘Zel’dovich effect’, named after Soviet physicist Yakov Zel’dovich who developed a theory based on this idea in the 1970s. Until now, it was believed to be unobservable with electromagnetic fields.
“The Zel’dovich effect works on the principle that waves with angular momentum, that would usually be absorbed by an object, actually become amplified by that object instead, if it is rotating at a fast enough angular velocity. In this case, the object is an aluminum cylinder and it must rotate faster than the frequency of the incoming radiation,” explains a Research Fellow at the University of Southampton, Dr. Marion Cromb.
“Colleagues and I successfully tested this theory in sound waves a few years ago, but until this most recent experiment, it hadn’t been proven with electromagnetic waves. Using relatively simple equipment – a resonant circuit interacting with a spinning metal cylinder – and by creating the specific conditions required, we have now been able to do this.”
The scientists’ findings are published in the journal Nature Communications.
Connection to the Doppler Effect
The Zel’dovich effect is difficult to observe, but has links to a well-known phenomenon called the Doppler effect which we all experience around us every day.
Imagine you are standing on a busy road and a police car races towards you with its siren going. From your perspective, as it approaches the siren sounds higher pitched than when it has passed.
This is because the sound waves in front of the car coming towards you are compressed, at a high frequency – hence a higher pitch. Behind the car, as it moves away, they are more spread out at a lower frequency – resulting in a lower pitch. This is the Doppler effect.
This can also be applied to light waves. In fact, astronomers use it to understand whether a planetary body is moving towards, or away from the Earth, according to the frequency of the light waves seen from their point of observation.
A similar ‘rotational Doppler’ frequency shift happens for twisted waves and relative rotation.
In the Zel’dovich effect, the metal cylinder needs to rotate fast enough that from its perspective it ‘sees’ a ‘twisted wave’ shift in angular frequency, so much that it actually goes to a negative frequency. This changes the way the wave interacts with the cylinder. Usually the metal would absorb the wave, but when the wave frequency ‘goes negative’ the wave is in fact amplified – reflecting off the cylinder with more energy than when it approached.
“The condition for amplification is from the rotating perspective of the object,” explains Marion Cromb. “Twisting electromagnetic fields hitting it have become rotationally Doppler shifted, so much (or so low) that they’ve gone through zero and into a ‘negative’ angular frequency. Negative frequency then means negative absorption, and this means amplification.”
Implications and Future Research
The scientists say that proving the Zel’dovich effect in different physical systems, both acoustics and now electromagnetic circuits, suggest that it is quite fundamental in nature. Electromagnetic tests also pave the way to observing the effect on a quantum level, where the waves could be generated by the cylinder amplifying the quantum vacuum.
Professor Hendrik Ulbricht of the University of Southampton, supervisor on the project, said: “I am very pleased that we have now experimental proof of the electromagnetic Zel’dovich effect. In electromagnetic settings it will be more straight forward to go for the next big challenge, which is the quantum version of the effect.
“Our setup is comparably simple and it was my joy at work during COVID to set up this experiment and take the first data. To see the results out now is very rewarding and I am grateful to the fantastic team involved.”
The researchers also say their findings may be useful for electrical engineers in exploring improvements to induction generators, such as those used in wind turbines.
Reference: “Amplification of electromagnetic fields by a rotating body” by M. C. Braidotti, A. Vinante, M. Cromb, A. Sandakumar, D. Faccio and H. Ulbricht, 27 June 2024, Nature Communications.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49689-w
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20 Comments
University of Southampton researchers have confirmed the Zel’dovich effect, where twisted waves are amplified by a rotating object.
VERY GOOD.
According to mathematical principles, Material hierarchy structure are divided into low and high dimensions, rather than macro and micro. The formation of vortex energy gaps is crucial for the evolution of spatiotemporal motion from low dimensional to high-dimensional in the interaction and synchronization effects of topological vortices. The absolute spacetime values of all positions of any high-dimensional spacetime object after infinite decomposition are theoretically zero, including galaxies, stars, atoms, electrons, and even so-called quanta.
Therefore, studying the influence of vortex energy gap formation on the interaction of high-dimensional spacetime matter is an important step in understanding and comprehending high-dimensional spacetime matter.
Scientific research guided by correct theories can help humanity avoid detours, failures, and pomposity. Physics should not ignore the analyzable physical characteristics of topological vortices.
Please witness the exemplary collaboration between theoretical physicists and experimentalists ( https://scitechdaily.com/microscope-spacecrafts-most-precise-test-of-key-component-of-the-theory-of-general-relativity/#comment-854286 ).
My ruthless repetition may make some people unhappy, but in order to fight against rampant pseudoscience, I can only do so.
You seriously need to chill on STD. Your posts are always completely wild ramblings that have an air of intelligence cuz you use a bunch of big words, but nothing you say actually adds up to anything worth reading. Why not just try and make a normal post like normal people?
Memo 2409261359
The electromagnetic wave can use msbase.mode. The electromagnetic wave comes from the rotating body, and the amplification was amplified due to the Zeldovich effect of the ozer, expressed as twisted waves and ionized cells.
Source 1.
Scientists experimentally demonstrated the Zeldovich effect by amplifying electromagnetic waves using rotating metal cylinders, confirming theoretical predictions from the 1970s and opening new avenues for technology and quantum physics.
We have confirmed the Zeldovich effect, where twisted waves are amplified by rotating objects. Previously demonstrated only by sound waves, this discovery is now applied to electromagnetic waves and has promising implications for quantum physics and energy-efficient techniques.
Their experiments showed that the energy of the wave can be amplified as a ‘twisted wave’, a wave with angular momentum, is reflected in a rotating object under certain conditions.
1.
If the twisted wave oscillator amplifies the electromagnetic waves at the reflection angle of the msbase path, it implies that the reason for constructing the oss with the osser and domaining the msoss to the dark matter system is an extension of the electromagnetic wave of the msbase. Therefore, the Zeldovich effect proves the hypothesis that dark matter exists in the gravitational field category in terms of oms.vix.ain.outside. Uh-huh.
Just as the Doppler effect proves the extended theory redshift of the universe, the Zeldovich effect implies the presence of an electromagnetic wavelength in an extended msbase.outside in the sphere of influence on the gravitational field of the presence of dark matter. Huh.
ㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡ
Source 1.
https://scitechdaily.com/50-year-old-physics-theory-proven-for-the-first-time-with-electromagnetic-waves/
A 50-year-old physics theory first proved with electromagnetic waves
The electromagnetic wave comes from the rotating body.
VERY GOOD.
Please think deeply:
1. Where do the rotating bodies in nature come from?
2. Why do the topological vortices spin?
“Why do the topological vortices spin?”
Simple answer: There would be no way of recognizing it as such otherwise.
No idea it makes sense to many people to say this, but it seems energy has to move if it is to persist, even if it’s stuck in one place.
Topological vortex research reflections on the philosophy and methodology of science help us understand the nature essence of science and the limitations of scientific methods. This not only has guiding significance for scientific research itself, but also has important implications for science education and popularization.
Innovative content
Topological vortex theory heralds innovative technologies such as topological electronics, topological smart batteries, topological quantum computing, etc., which may bring low-energy electronic components, almost inexhaustible currents, and revolutionary computing platforms, etc.
Physics “outreach” people who write a lot of wormhole propaganda used to say decades ago that because electrons are spin-1/2, a charge-based light generator would have to rotate twice as fast as any light frequency one might expect it to produce. Eventually it became clear to me that physics outreach people must be secret religious cultists on a mission to bend little minds. Spin 1/2 means electrons must do two full orbital rotations, one for emission and the other for re-absorption, if the atomic state must end up the same as it began.
Scientific research guided by correct theories can help humanity avoid detours, failures, and pomposity. Topological vortex research reflections on the philosophy and methodology of science help us understand the nature essence of science and the limitations of scientific methods. This not only has guiding significance for scientific research itself, but also has important implications for science education and popularization.
“Until now, it was believed to be unobservable…”
Looks like they left out the word “officially.” Maybe they’re just doing mind-reading without wearing a helmet.
Scientific research guided by correct theories can help humanity avoid detours, failures, and pomposity. Topological vortex research reflections on the philosophy and methodology of science help us understand the nature essence of science and the limitations of scientific methods. This not only has guiding significance for scientific research itself, but also has important implications for science education and popularization. You are very interesting and seem to know a lot, but you need to pay attention to discernment and thinking.
“You are very interesting and seem to know a lot, but you need to pay attention to discernment and thinking.”
How about you? Are you a fan of mind bending?
For decades I read atomic clocks demonstrate gravity changes have no effect on light speed yet can affect the speed (rate) of time. Eventually after further analysis I decided it was less mind-bendy as journalistic light distortion.
Harvard journalists introduced everyone to the notion that gravity changes affect time rate, but not light speed. Someone later took an atomic clock on a plane around the world to make the same ultra-critical political point. Point could be that magic tricks are more interesting, but I’ve been professionally trained to not criticize geniuses unless ….
I have a better set of ideas. Namely, GR lacks a property of cold nucleonic retroreflection (“cold focus”) with an intriguing Hebbian aspect that obviates GRs timeless pre-ordained nature, and a spin-2 sparse cosmological gravitational roll energy spectrum showing a quantum gravity “roll effect” modulating gravity periodically by distance radiated.
Topological vortex research reflections on the philosophy and methodology of science help us understand the nature essence of science and the limitations of scientific methods. This not only has guiding significance for scientific research itself, but also has important implications for science education and popularization.
“you need to pay attention to discernment and thinking”
It’s a good general rule for anyone.
I think GR fails everywhere and its errors are merely concentrated in wormholes, so articles focus more comfortably on them.
Reading “Don’t Even Think About Wormholes” every week would probably end up annoying everyone after a while, yet a wormhole blurb a day and everyone who matters online can be ecstatic and eager to learn more.
Focus in gravitational energy flow between objects doesn’t fit with GR (although mass-dependent flows do) because it’s temperature-dependent and enhanced by cold, not by heat. It’s also dependent on a retro-reflective geometry for bound quark triplets and GR apparently wants particles to stay round (much like spherical cows) for simplicity.
The structure and distribution of matter in the universe are not random, but closely related to the interaction and balance of topological vortex fields, including the limited behavior and thinking of researchers.
Topological vortex theory heralds innovative technologies such as topological electronics, topological smart batteries, topological quantum computing, etc., which may bring low-energy electronic components, almost inexhaustible currents, and revolutionary computing platforms, etc.
“(T)he object is an aluminum cylinder … it must rotate faster than the frequency of the incoming radiation…”
Good old Isaac Asimov may have expected it must rotate more than twice as fast, and if everyone bought that notion from him it might explain any official delay in validating the effect as being too anchored by gravity and not mind-dizzying enough.
Today, the so-called official of physics firm belief that two sets of cobalt-60 rotating in opposite directions can become two sets of objects that mirror each other, had been a typical case of rampant pseudoscience. The so-called peer review has become one of the fig leaves waving around by physics today. True science must conform to mathematical laws. Most pseudoscience is related to arbitrary imagination. You need to pay attention to discernment and thinking.
Bye-bye