Regulations Are Urgently Needed – Children Are Spending a Third of Their After-School Time on Screens

Researchers have found that children spend a significant amount of their after-school hours on screens, with some harmful effects on their health and wellbeing. They are urging for immediate regulations to safeguard children in the unregulated online domain, especially given the rise in exposure to harmful content and cyberbullying.

Researchers from the University of Otago, New Zealand, emphasize the pressing need for regulations to shield children from potential dangers in the unmonitored digital realm.

This plea accompanies their newly released study in the New Zealand Medical Journal, which delves into the post-school routines of 12-year-olds. The findings reveal that these children allocate about one-third of their post-school hours to screen time, with the figure rising to over half after 8 pm.

Senior researcher Dr. Moira Smith from the University’s Department of Public Health says this is considerably more than the current guidelines, which recommend less than two hours of screen time per day (outside school time) for school-aged children and adolescents.

Moira Smith. Credit: University of Otago

The results are from the innovative Kids’Cam project, with the 108 children involved wearing cameras that captured images every seven seconds, offering a unique insight into their everyday lives in 2014 and 2015.

Children were mostly playing games and watching programs. Ten percent of the time the children were using more than one screen.

Screen use harms children’s health and well-being.

“It is associated with obesity, poor mental well-being, poor sleep and mental functioning, and lack of physical activity,” Dr Smith says. “It also affects children’s ability to concentrate and regulate their behavior and emotions.”

Screen use is now a regular part of children’s everyday lives and is likely to have increased since the Kids’Cam data was collected.

“Screen use rose rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and children in 2023 are frequently spending time online, particularly on smartphones. According to the latest media use survey, YouTube and Netflix are the most popular websites for watching programs, with one in three children under 14 using social media, most commonly TikTok, which is rated R13.”

She says children are being exposed to ads for vaping, alcohol, gambling, and junk food, and experiencing sexism, racism, and bullying while online.

“Cyberbullying is particularly high among children in Aotearoa, with one in four parents reporting their child has been subjected to bullying while online.”

Dr. Smith says current New Zealand legislation is outdated and fails to adequately deal with the online world children are being exposed to.

“While screen use has many benefits, children need to be protected from harm in this largely unregulated space.”

She says the Government is to be applauded for proposing more regulation of social media in its recent consultation document from the Department of Internal Affairs (DIA), which notes concern about children accessing inappropriate content while online.

The Otago researchers are currently studying the online worlds of children in Aotearoa using screen capture technology, with the results expected to be published soon.

Reference: “Watching the watchers: assessing the nature and extent of children’s screen time using wearable cameras” by Belinda M Lowe, Moira Smith, Richard Jaine, James Stanley, Ryan Gage and Louise Signal, 7 July 2023, New Zealand Medical Journal.